Tun mo bi dimethylaniline, colorless to ina ofeefee oily omi, õrùn õrùn, ninu awọn air tabi labẹ oorun rọrun ifoyina lilo Ze di jin.Ojulumo iwuwo (20℃/4℃) 0.9555, didi ojuami 2.0℃, farabale ojuami 193℃, filasi ojuami (šiši) 77 ℃, iginisonu ojuami 317 ℃, iki (25℃) 1.528 MPa) 8.528 MPa ·s, 1.528 MPa · 8. .Soluble ni ethanol, ether, chloroform, benzene ati awọn nkan ti o nfo Organic miiran.Le tu a orisirisi ti Organic agbo.Die-die tiotuka ninu omi.Flammable, yoo sun ni ina ti o ṣii, nya si ati afẹfẹ lati ṣe idapọ ohun ibẹjadi, opin ibẹjadi ti 1.2% ~ 7.0% (vol).Majele ti o ga, jijẹ gbigbona giga ti itusilẹ ti gaasi aniline majele.Le ti wa ni gba nipasẹ awọn awọ ara ati majele ti, LD501410mg / kg, awọn ti o pọju Allowable fojusi ninu air jẹ 5mg / m3.

Awọn ọna ipamọ

1. Awọn akọsilẹ Ibi ipamọ [25] Itaja ni itura kan, ventilated ile ise.Jeki kuro lati ina ati ooru.Jeki eiyan edidi.Yẹ ki o wa ni ipamọ lọtọ lati acids, halogens ati awọn kemikali ounje, ati pe ko yẹ ki o dapọ.Ṣe ipese pẹlu orisirisi ti o baamu ati iwọn ohun elo ija ina.Aaye ibi ipamọ yẹ ki o wa ni ipese pẹlu awọn ohun elo itọju pajawiri jijo ati awọn ohun elo ipamọ ti o yẹ.

2. Igbẹhin ni irin ilu, 180kg fun agba.Tọju ni itura kan ati ki o ventilated ibi.Tọju ati gbigbe ni ibamu si awọn ilana ti inflammable ati awọn nkan majele

Awọn ọna sintetiki

1. Nipa aniline ati methanol ni iwaju sulfuric acid, nipasẹ iwọn otutu ti o ga ati iṣeduro titẹ agbara.Sisan ilana: 1. Fi 790kg ti aniline, 625kg ti kẹmika ati 85kg ti sulfuric acid (100% ti ammonium) si riakito, ṣakoso iwọn otutu 210-215 ℃ ati titẹ 3.1MPa, fesi fun 4h, lẹhinna tu titẹ silẹ, fi ohun elo silẹ si oluyapa, yomi pẹlu 30% sodium hydroxide, duro, ki o si ya iyọ ammonium quaternary isalẹ.Lẹhinna iṣesi hydrolysis ni 160 ℃, 0.7-0.9MPa fun 3h, abajade hydrolyzate ati epo oke ni idapo pẹlu fifọ omi ati distillation igbale lati gba ọja ti o pari.

2, pẹlu kẹmika ati aniline bi awọn ohun elo aise, labẹ ipo ti kẹmika ti o pọju, titẹ oju aye, 200-250 ℃, nipasẹ iṣelọpọ ayase alumina.Iwọn lilo ohun elo aise: aniline 790kg/t, methanol 625kg/t, sulfuric acid 85kg/t.Igbaradi yàrá le fesi aniline pẹlu trimethyl fosifeti.

3. Aniline ti a dapọ ati kẹmika (N aniline: N methanol ≈ 1: 3) ati itasi sinu reactor ti o ni ipese pẹlu ayase ni iyara aaye ti 0.5h-1 nipasẹ fifa-afẹfẹ ti kii-pulse metering.Effluent lenu akọkọ ti nwọ awọn gilasi gaasi-omi separator, ati omi ti a gba ni isalẹ apa ti awọn separator ti wa ni ya jade nigbagbogbo fun kiromatographic onínọmbà.

4. Ni 2001, Nankai University ati Tianjin Ruikai Science ati Technology Development Co., Ltd ni idapo ni idagbasoke a gíga daradara aniline methylation ayase lati mọ awọn gaasi alakoso kolaginni ti N, N-dimethylaniline.Ilana naa jẹ bi atẹle: Lẹhin ti aniline olomi ti dapọ pẹlu methanol ni iwọn, o jẹ vaporized ni ile-iṣọ vaporization ati lẹhinna wọ inu riakito tubular pẹlu iyara aaye ti 0.5-1.0h-1 (ibusun ti o wa titi ti riakito tubular. ti ni ipese pẹlu ayase to lagbara nanometer ti o ni atilẹyin) fun iṣelọpọ ilọsiwaju ni 250-300 ℃ ati titẹ oju aye.Awọn ikore ti DMA jẹ loke 96%.

Ọna isọdọtun: nigbagbogbo ni aniline ninu, N- methyl aniline ati awọn idoti miiran.Lakoko isọdọtun, N-dimethylaniline ti wa ni tituka ni 40% sulfuric acid ati distillation nya si ni a ṣe.Sodium hydroxide ti wa ni afikun lati ṣe ipilẹ.Distillation nya si tẹsiwaju.Distillate ti pin si inu Layer olomi ati ki o gbẹ pẹlu potasiomu hydroxide.Distillation ni titẹ oju aye ni iwaju anhydride acetic.A fi omi fọ distillate lati yọkuro iye itọpa ti acetic anhydride, lẹhinna gbẹ pẹlu potasiomu hydroxide, atẹle nipa barium oxide ati decompressed distillation ni ṣiṣan nitrogen kan.Awọn ọna isọdọtun miiran pẹlu fifi 10% acetic anhydride ati reflux fun awọn wakati pupọ lati yọ awọn amines akọkọ ati atẹle kuro.Lẹhin itutu agbaiye, ṣafikun afikun 20% hydrochloric acid ati jade pẹlu ether.Layer hydrochloric acid ni a ṣe ipilẹ nipasẹ fifi alkali kun, ati lẹhinna fa jade pẹlu ether.A ti gbẹ Layer ether pẹlu potasiomu hydroxide ati lẹhinna distilled labẹ titẹ labẹ nitrogen.N, N-dimethylaniline tun le ṣe iyipada si pikronate, tun ṣe atunṣe si aaye yo nigbagbogbo pẹlu 10% iṣuu soda hydroxide olomi ti o gbona lati decompose picronate.Jade pẹlu ether, wẹ pẹlu omi ati ki o gbẹ lẹhin distillation igbale.

5. Aniline, methanol ati sulfuric acid ti wa ni idapo ni iwọn ati ki o ni itọlẹ ni autoclave.Lẹhin ọja ifaseyin ti gba pada nipasẹ iderun titẹ, alkali ti wa ni afikun fun didoju, ipinya, ati lẹhinna ọja naa gba nipasẹ distillation igbale.

6. Iṣeduro methylation ti aniline ati trimethyl fosifeti le ṣe N, N-dimethylaniline: lẹhinna ti a fa jade pẹlu ether, distillation gbẹ.

7. N, N-dimethylaniline ni a le ṣepọ nipasẹ fifi adalu aniline ati methanol ni ipin ti 1∶ 3.5 ni ibusun catalytic ti Cu-Mn tabi Cu-Zn-Cr Ziegler catalyst ni 280 ℃.Abajade N, N-dimethylaniline ni a gba ni ẹyọ distillation ti awọn awo 54 ni iwọn 193 si 195 ℃ ati pe o ṣajọpọ sinu awọn igo gilasi brown.Fun igbaradi chromatography mimọ N, N-dimethylaniline, nitrogen le jẹ gaasi ti ngbe, ni igbaradi gaasi chromatography pẹlu Ben 犅 yaku iwe itasi atunse ti N, N-dimethylaniline, nipasẹ iyapa ati gbigba ti awọn akọkọ paati tente ida, ati lẹhinna sinu gilasi ampoule asiwaju le jẹ.

Idi pataki

1. Ọkan ninu awọn ipilẹ aise ohun elo fun isejade ti iyo mimọ dyes (triphenyl methane dyes, bbl) ati awọn ipilẹ dyes, awọn ifilelẹ ti awọn orisirisi jẹ ipilẹ imọlẹ ofeefee, ipilẹ eleyi ti 5GN, ipilẹ alawọ ewe, ipilẹ lake blue, o wu ni lori pupa 5GN, buluu ti o wuyi, bbl N, N-dimethylaniline ninu ile-iṣẹ elegbogi fun iṣelọpọ cephalosporin V, sulfamilamide B-methoxymidine, sulfamilamide dimethoxymidine, fluorouracil, ati bẹbẹ lọ, ninu ile-iṣẹ õrùn fun iṣelọpọ ti vanillin, bbl a epo, irin preservative, curing oluranlowo ti iposii resini, curing accelerator ti polyester resini, ayase fun awọn polymerization ti ethylene agbo, bbl O ti wa ni tun lo ninu awọn igbaradi ti ipilẹ triphenyl methane dyes, azo dyes ati vanillin.3. A lo ọja yii bi ayase fun ṣiṣe awọn pilasitik foam polyurethane pẹlu awọn agbo ogun tin Organic.Tun lo bi imuyara vulcanization roba, awọn ibẹjadi, awọn ohun elo aise elegbogi.O jẹ ọkan ninu awọn ohun elo aise ipilẹ fun iṣelọpọ awọn awọ ti o da lori ipilẹ (awọn awọ methane triphenyl, bbl) ati awọn awọ ipilẹ.Awọn oriṣi akọkọ jẹ ofeefee didan ipilẹ, eleyi ti BN, alawọ ewe ipilẹ, buluu adagun ipilẹ, pupa didan 5GN, buluu ti o wuyi, bbl N, N-dimethylaniline ninu ile-iṣẹ oogun fun iṣelọpọ cephalosporin V, sulfamilamide N- methoxymidine, sulfamilamide. - dimethoxymidine, fluorouracil, ati bẹbẹ lọ, ni ile-iṣẹ lofinda fun iṣelọpọ ti vanillin, bblO tun le ṣee lo bi olutọpa, ayase fun polymerization ti awọn agbo ogun ethylene, olutọju irin, ohun elo ultraviolet fun awọn ohun ikunra, sensitizer ina, bbl Bakannaa a lo ninu iṣelọpọ awọn awọ ipilẹ, tuka awọn awọ, awọn awọ acid, epo. dyes tiotuka ati turari (vanillin) ati awọn ohun elo aise miiran.5. Reagent ti a lo fun ipinnu photometric ti nitrite.O tun lo bi epo ati ni iṣelọpọ Organic.6. Lo bi agbedemeji dai, epo, amuduro, reagent analitikali.